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-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graph illustrates the typical time spent by men and ladies at different

levels of employment on household chores over a period of 20 years . It can be clearly

seen that full time employed men spent the smallest amount amount of your time on housework.



Women with no employment spent the utmost time on housework within the three given

years. They spent 7 hours per day in 1985 and 2005 and 6.5 hours each day in 1995. A little less

time was spent by part time employed women. They spent 5.5, 5 and 6 hours per day on

household chores in 1985, 1995 and 2005 respectively. Women with full time employment

spent lesser time on domestic work than the other two categories of women. They spent 2

hours per day in 1985; 1.5 hours per day in 1995 and 2.5 hours/day in 2005. Full time

employed men spent one hour per day in 1985 and 1995 and 1.5 hours per day in 2005. No

data is given for the unemployed men and men with part time employment.



Overall, it are often seen that full time employed women spent lesser time in household chores

than unemployed and part-time employed women, but still they worked quite their

male counterparts.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graph illustrates the amount of trips made by children in two separate

years, which are 1990 and 2010 during a particular country. The vertical axis represents the

number of trips in million per annum and therefore the horizontal stands for the various modes of

transport like bus, car, walking, bicycle and, bus and walking together.



In 1990, the trips made by bus were dramatically above by other modes. About 12

million trips were made by bus, which was twice quite those made by walking and

cycling each, and 3 times quite those made by car. About 7 million trips were made

by bus and walking together.



Two decades later, in 2010, the car trips superseded all other modes and have become

approximately 12.5 million, a rise of 8.5 million from the figures of 1990. The bus trips

decreased to half and became 6 million. Trips made by bus and walking together also

decreased by 1 million from the figures of 1990. Trips made on foot also decreased from 6 to

3 million and people made by cycling reduced to 2 million.



On the entire , the column graph shows that bus was the foremost popular sort of transport to

go to and from school for youngsters in 1990. However, in 2010, the car became the most

popular mode.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon] 

The given bar chart compares the share of males and females, of 15-24 age bracket , who

used the web for various purposes in Canada in 2000. It is manifest from the graph that

the least percentage of both genders used the web for research and education.



It is clear from the graph that the utmost number of men used the web for goods and

services (71%). The second hottest use among the males was for sending e-mails

(70%). A slightly higher percentage of women (71%) used the Internet for e-mails. However,

a significantly lesser percentage (61%) of women used the Internet for goods and services.

Chat rooms were almost equally popular among both genders with 50% males and 48%

females using the internet for this purpose respectively. Online shopping was more popular

among women. 38% women used the net for this purpose and only 28% men used the

Internet for online shopping.



Games were slightly more popular among males (64%) than females (58%). Research and

education was the smallest amount popular activity among both men and ladies . 9% women and 13 %

men used the Internet for this purpose.



Overall, it are often seen that ladies were before men in using the web for e-mailing and

online shopping. In all other given activities, males superseded women.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graph elucidates the result of a survey on the simplest solution of worldwide

warming among the people of 4 European countries, which are Portugal, Spain, Italy and

the Netherlands. It is clear from the graph that lifestyle changes were rated because the best

solution by the utmost youth of all the countries.



50% of the Portuguese children rated lifestyle changes because the best solution for global

warming. Government regulations and environmental issues were considered the simplest ways

to solve global warming by 20% and 17% respectively. The maximum Spanish young

generation also was of the view that lifestyle changes were the foremost effective solution but

their percentage was lesser than that of the Portuguese during this respect. 17% and 20% young

people of Spain rated government issues and environmental factors because the best solution. The

overall trend of the Spanish, the Italian and therefore the Dutch youth was an equivalent for all the factors

with minor differences in percentage.



Overall, only alittle minority of the youth of all the countries opined that none of those

factors could help reduce global warming.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graph compares the share of men and ladies of seven different age

groups who lead a sedentary life in Australia. It are often clearly seen that apart from the 45 to

64 year olds, all other age groups have more females than males who don't do much

physical activity.



The 15-24 year age group is the most active with only about 14 and 17 % men and women

respectively who don’t do much physical activity. The 25-34 age group has a little more

percentage of individuals following a leisurely way of life. As age advances the percentage of

easy-going men and ladies is also seen to get on the increase , with the exception of the 65-74 age

group. Surprisingly, during this age bracket the amount of males and females doing no physical

activity is lesser than that of the 55-64 age bracket . However, the 75+ age group has the

maximum number of both genders doing no physical work.



Overall it's clear that as age goes up more and more people start leading physically inactive

lives apart from the 65-74 year olds, and in most age groups more females than males lead

sedentary lives.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given bar chart compares the access to medical, educational and postal services by the

city and countryside people during a specific region within the uk . Overall, it can be

seen that nearly all urban people are within fifteen-minute drive to all or any these mentioned

services.



Cent-percent urban and rural people have access to medical facilities. They are all within

fifteen minutes drive to a doctor. Similarly, secondary school can be reached within 15

minutes by all residents of villages and cities. All city people have a post office in their

propinquity. However, five per cent of villagers need to drive quite fifteen minutes to

avail postal services. The biggest discrepancy lies in primary school facilities. Only sixty five

percent of villagers have a grade school within 1 / 4 of an hour drive, where because the

remaining, approximately, one third inhabitants of countryside need to drive their children

to far-off schools.



Overall, the agricultural and concrete communities have similar access to medical, postal and

secondary school facilities but only a few third of villagers don't live on the brink of a primary

school.

The given column graph illustrates the share of dependents (children below 15 or
adults above 65) in five countries in 2000 and also gives projections for 2050. It also depicts
the world average in the given two years.

In 2000, India had the maximum percentage of dependents (38%), with Japan, Indonesia and
China following closely behind with around 34% of dependents. Korea had the least
percentage of reliant people (22%). The overall world population of youngsters below 15 and
adults over 65 was 25%.

Looking into the longer term , a rise within the population of dependents is predicted for
Indonesia, Korea, China and Japan. In contrast, in India the needy population is assumed to
fall from 38% to 32%. In Korea the population is expected to double by 2050, from 22% to
44%. Approximately 15% rise in such population is predicted for Japan, whereas China is
thought to show the least increase (2%). The world average of the dependents is expected to
go up from about 25% to nearly 42%.

Overall, the share of dependents is predicted to decrease in India whereas in other four
countries it is projected to increase.
(Note the language for the longer term and therefore the synonyms for dependents)

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graphs compare the retirement age of males and females in six countries

in 2004 and 2008. Overall, the retirement age increased in all countries with the exception of

Italy, among men, and France, among women, where it remained the same in the given

years.

The Danish men and women retired at the ages of 60 and 59 respectively in 2004, but in 2008

they both retired at the age of 61. The average age of retirement for both genders was the

lowest in France, with the men retiring at the age of 58 in 2004 and at 59 in 2008. Women

retired at the age of 58 in both the given years. The Italian men retired at 60 years in 2004 as

well as 2008, whereas women retired at a younger age in both the years as compared to men.

The age of retirement for women was 58 in 2004 and 59 in 2008. A similar trend in retirement

ages was seen among the Dutch, Swede and British males and females with the increase of

one year in each case in 2008 as compared to 2004.

To conclude, a striking feature of the graph is that the retirement age for both sexes was the

highest in Sweden in comparison with all other given countries.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given bar charts compare the top three countries importing different types of citrus

fruits in 2012. The fruits given are oranges, lemons, grape fruits and all other citrus fruits.

As can be seen from the chart, oranges were the most popular fruit. More specifically, South

Africa was the country where the largest number of oranges were exported amounting to

1020 thousand tonnes approximately. This was followed by Egypt (500 thousand tonnes)

and the United States, which imported the smallest amount (400 million tonnes) of oranges

among the three countries.

Lemon was the second popular fruit in the four categories, with 500,000 tonnes imported by

Mexico and 200 imported by the USA. The minimum amount was imported by Argentina

(100,000 tonnes).

Grapefruits did not constitute a large proportion of the imported fruit. Turkey was the main

country that imported grapefruits, while Mexico and United States imported 400,000 and

300,000 tonnes respectively.

The largest import of all other citrus fruits was done by Mexico. The other two countries

only accounted for a tiny proportion of the whole volume.

Overall, the export quantities of different fruit varied among different countries in 2012.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon] 

The given column graph illustrates the best-loved subjects of 60 students of two schools,

School A and School B. It is clear from the graph that the choice of subjects varies greatly

between the two schools.

In school A, more than half the students (36) like sports. By contrast, the rest of the subjects

are not very popular among students in school A.

In school B, 25 students like craft and drawing which is more than six times the students

number of school A. Language is the second most preferred subject in school B, chosen by 18

students. Social science is the third most liked subject, with 10 students of school B liking it,

which is almost double the number of students of school A, who like it. Only two students of

school B like science, where as 9 of school A like science. The biggest discrepancy can be seen

in those choosing sports as their favourite subject, with 36 students of school A going for

sports, in contrast to only 5 of school B.

Overall, craft and drawing is the least preferred subject of school A students, whereas

science is the least liked subject of students of school B.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graph illustrates the average class size in primary school and lower

secondary school in six nations in 2006, and compares it with the world average. On the

whole, the class size of primary school in the UK and Denmark was larger than the class size

of lower secondary school, whereas in the other given countries it was smaller.

It is clear that the UK and Denmark had higher number of students in primary school (23

and 21 respectively) than those in secondary school (22 and 19 respectively). A similar trend

was seen in the world average, with 26 and 24 students in primary and secondary classes

respectively. South Korea had the highest number of students in both primary and

secondary classes (nearly 35 in each class). Japan had an average primary class of 26

students, whereas the secondary class size was slightly bigger with 31 average students. The

biggest discrepancy in primary and secondary class size was seen in Mexico, where the

primary class strength was only about 20 students, but secondary class had a little over 30

students. Iceland had the smallest primary and secondary classroom size of 15 and 17

students on an average respectively.

Overall, the teacher-taught ratio was the best in Iceland with the smallest classroom size.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graphs compare the proportion of boys and girls getting top grades in five

subjects, which are science, arts, maths, languages and humanities, in 1960 and 2000. It is

clear from the graph that girls scored higher in Arts and languages, whereas boys scored

higher in science and math in the given years.

In 1960, slightly over 30% boys scored good grades in science and maths, whereas in

languages and humanities the high scorers were 20% each. Only one in ten scored high in

Arts. In contrast, girls did much better in languages, Arts and humanities, with 45%, 32%

and 30% scoring high in these subjects respectively. Only 10% girls scored high in science

and the least (5 %) scored high in maths.

In 2000, among boys, the percentage of top scorers in arts and humanities almost doubled

where as that in science and math became approximately half as compared to the figures of

1960. The percentage of top scorers in languages remained the same. Among girls, however,

the percentage of top scorers in arts, languages and humanities decreased moderately,

whereas that in science and maths remained the same.

Overall, it is surprising to see that boys scored better than girls in humanities in the year

2000.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon] 

The given column graph compares the changes in the places where people accessed the

Internet between 1998 and 2004. It is clear that the maximum people surfed the Internet from

home in all the given years.

It can be seen from the graph that more people surfed the Internet at home and in their

working places than in the colleges and libraries. The percentage of people who accessed the

Internet from home fell from approximately 55 in 1998 to 48 in 2000. After that this

percentage began to rise steadily and reached 55 in 2004. The second most common place

where people accessed the net was office. The proportion of people who spent their online

time at work was between 25% and 30% from 1998 to 2002, but fell to 15% in 2004.

Approximately 18%-25% people used the Internet at college in all the given years. The least

percentage surfed the net in libraries. This percentage fluctuated between 12% and 18% over

the given years.

Overall, the discrepancy between people surfing the net from home and all other places was

high in all the four given years.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon] 

The given column graph depicts the increase in the percentage of urban population in

Africa, Asia, Latin America / Caribbean and the whole world from 1950 to 2000 and also

gives predictions for 2030. It can be seen that population escalated in all given areas of the

world and is expected to grow further.

In 1950, Latin America and the Caribbean had the maximum urban population, which

constituted 42% of the total population. In contrast, Asia and Africa had much lesser people

living in cities at 14% and 12% of the total population respectively. Just under a third of the

population was of urbanites in the whole world in 1950.

In 2000, Africa and Asia saw an almost threefold increase in urban population. In both these

areas city population became approximately 38% of the total. Latin America and the

Caribbean had over two thirds of the population in cities. However, the whole world had

almost equal number of rural and urban people in 2000.

It is predicted that by 2030 the urban population will continue to grow in all areas by 10-

15%. Almost 80% of people in Latin America and Caribbean are expected to live in cities,

whereas in the whole world the percentage of urbanites is estimated to be 60%.

Overall, it is clear that urban population has grown in all the given areas and is expected to

grow in the future.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon] 

The given column graph illustrates three methods of disposal of waste materials in 2005, 2006 and 2008. It is clear that the landfill method was the most used for waste disposal in

2005 and dumping in sea was used the maximum in 2008.

It is clear that about 2000 million tonnes of waste was disposed by landfill method in 2005. Disposal of waste by this method lost popularity gradually and by 2008, only 1200 million

tonnes was disposed off by this method. About 900 million tonnes of waste was burnt and about 1200 million tonnes was dumped in sea.

In 2006, again the most popular method of waste disposal was landfill, but the amount disposed was lesser than that in 2005. Just under 1200 million tonnes was disposed off by

burning and a little over 1400 million tonnes was dumped in sea.

In 2008, the most popular method was dumping in sea and over 1600 million tonnes was disposed off like this. A little under 900 million tonnes was burnt.

Overall it can be seen that dumping in landfill sites lost popularity and dumping in sea gained popularity in the given time. The burning method of waste disposal fluctuated over

the period.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon] 

The given column graph illustrates the amount of aid given by six developed countries from 2008 to 2010, measured in billions of dollars.

The US provided the most aid in all three years and despite a slight drop in 2009 from 22 to 20 billion dollars in 2009, the figure rose to $25 billion in 2010. Germany, UK and Japan, were other three major donors, with figures ranging between 10 and 15 billion dollars. It is interesting to note that Germany increased its aid continuously over the years, but the aid from the other two showed fluctuations. The aid from Netherlands and Sweden was always under $10 billion, yet the three years saw similar changes in the figures.

Overall, the US contributed the most in supporting the developing world. whilst the aids of most countries fluctuated in three years, Germany was the only country with consistent

increases.

 -[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graphs compare the number of hours spent on work per week by industrial workers in France, Denmark, Sweden and the UK in 2002. In three countries, it can

be seen that the maximum workers worked 36-40 hours, but in France the maximum workers worked 31-35 hours per week.

In France, approximately half the workers worked for 31-35 hours per week. The percentage of people who worked for 36-40 hours and 46-50 hours was 35% and 20% respectively. The

figures for the rest of the working hours accounted for around 10% workers each. Denmark and Sweden witnessed the highest proportion of people working for 36-40 hours, which was quite different from that of France. The second and the third place came from 31- 35 hours and 41-45 hours workers (25% and 10% in Denmark; 35% and 30% in Sweden). The proportion of people working for the remaining hours was higher in Denmark than in Sweden. It is interesting to note that in the UK, the percentage of people working 50+ hours was the maximum. Almost 50% worked 36-40 hours per week.

Overall, France was a country where the people worked for the least hours, where as the Swedish people spent the most time on work among the people from four different countries.

-[Harpreet Singh Dhillon]

The given column graph compares the amount of money spent by five age groups of the British citizens on three different items, in the year 2004. It is interesting to note that the spending on food and drinks was the least by the under 30s, and the highest by the above 76 age group.

It is noticeable that the largest proportion of spending went on food and drinks in most age groups, except for the under 30s and those between 61 and 75 years of age. Expenditure on restaurant and hotel was almost similar among all age groups below 60 years. They spent 12-  14% on this sector. The 61-75 and the 76+ age groups spent 2% and 7% respectively on restaurant and hotel. The under 45s spent lesser on entertainment than on restaurant and hotel, but the vice versa was true for all the other given age groups. The 61-75 year olds, showed the highest discrepancy in their spending on these two areas. They spent 2% and 23% on restaurant and hotel, and entertainment respectively.

Overall, it is observed that as age advanced, the spending priorities of people changed. Older age groups spent more on food and drink and entertainment. However, the 76+ age group did not give much importance to entertainment.